Indian Space Research Organisation
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Indian Space Research Organisation

ISRO logo
NameIndian Space Research Organization
Native Nameभारतीय अन्तरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन
AcronymISRO
CaptionISRO logo
HeadquartersAntariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road, Bangalore, India
SpaceportSatish Dhawan Space Centre
Established1969 8, mf=no(2009 years ago)
AdministratorK. Radhakrishnan (Chairman)
Budget5778 Crore (2009-10)
URLhomepage

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The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO, ) is the primary body for space research under the control of the Government of India, and one of the leading space research organizations in the world. It was established in its modern form in 1969 as a result of coordinated efforts initiated earlier. Taking into consideration its budget, it is probably one of the most efficient space organizations on the globe.

Under the guidance of a number of scientists, ISRO has conducted a variety of operations for both Indian and foreign clients. ISRO's satellite launch capability is provided by indigenous launch vehicles and launch sites. In 2008, ISRO successfully launched its first lunar probe, Chandrayaan-1, while future plans include manned space missions, further lunar exploration, and interplanetary probes. ISRO has several field installations as assets, and cooperates with the international community as a part of several bilateral and multilateral agreements.

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Research facilities :
Facility Location Description
Physical Research Laboratory Ahmedabad Solar planetary physics, infrared astronomy, geo-cosmo physics, plasma physics, astrophysics, archaeology, and hydrology are some of the branches of study at this institute. An observatory at Udaipur also falls under the control of this institution.
Semi-Conductor Laboratory Chandigarh Research & Development in the field of semiconductor technology, micro-electromechanical systems and process technologies relating to semiconductor processing.
National Atmospheric Research Laboratory Chittoor The NARL carries out fundamental and applied research in Atmospheric and Space Sciences.
Raman Research Institute (RRI) Bangalore RRI carries out research in selected areas of physics, such as astrophysics and astronomy.
Space Applications Centre Ahmedabad The SAC deals with the various aspects of practical use of space technology. Among the fields of research at the SAC are geodesy, satellite based telecommunications, surveying, remote sensing, meteorology, environment monitoring etc. The SEC additionally operates the Delhi Earth Station.

Test facilities :
Facility Location Description
Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre Bangalore, Thiruvananthapuram, and Mahendragiri The LPSC handles testing and implementation of liquid propulsion control packages and helps develop engines for launch vehicles and satellites. The testing is largely conducted at Mahendragiri. The LPSC also constructs precision transducers.

Construction and launch facilities :
Facility Location Description
ISRO Satellite Centre Bangalore The venue of eight successful spacecraft projects is also one of the main satellite technology bases of ISRO. The facility serves as a venue for implementing indigenous spacecrafts in India. The satellites Ayrabhata, Bhaskara, APPLE, and IRS-1A were constructed at this site, and the IRS and INSAT satellite series are presently under development here.
Satish Dhawan Space Centre Andhra Pradesh With multiple sub-sites the Sriharikota island facility acts as a launching site for India's satellites. The Sriharikota facility is also the main launch base for India's sounding rockets. The centre is also home to India's largest Solid Propellant Space Booster Plant (SPROB) and houses the Static Test and Evaluation Complex (STEX).
Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram The largest ISRO base is also the main technical centre and the venue of development of the SLV-3, ASLV, and PSLV series. The base supports India's Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station and the Rohini Sounding Rocket program. This facility is also developing the GSLV series.
Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station Thumba TERLS is used to launch sounding rockets.

Tracking and control facilities :
Facility Location Description
Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) Bangalore This network receives, processes, archives and distributes the spacecraft health data and payload data in real time. It can track and monitor satellites up to very large distances, even beyond the Moon.
National Remote Sensing Centre Hyderabad The NRSC applies remote sensing to manage natural resources and study aerial surveying. With centres at Balanagar and Shadnagar it also has training facilities at Dehradun in form of the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing.
Indian Space Research Organisation Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network Bangalore (headquarters) and a number of ground stations throughout India and World. Software development, ground operations, Tracking Telemetry and Command (TTC), and support is provided by this institution. ISTRAC has Tracking stations throughout the country and all over the world in Port Louis (Mauritius), Bearslake (Russia), Biak (Indonesia) and Brunei.
Master Control Facility Hassan; Bhopal Geostationary satellite orbit raising, payload testing, and in-orbit operations are performed at this facility. The MCF has earth stations and Satellite Control Centre (SCC) for controlling satellites. A second MCF-like facility named 'MCF-B' is being constructed at Bhopal.

Human resource development :
Facility Location Description
Indian Institute of Remote Sening (IIRS) Dehradun Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) under National Remote Sensing Centre, Department of Space, Govt. of India is a premier training and educational institute set up for developing trained professional in the field of Remote Sensing, Geoinformatics and GPS Technology for Natural Resources, Environmental and Disaster Management.
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) Thiruvananthapuram The institute offers undergraduate and graduate courses in Aerospace engineering, Avionics and Physical Sciences.
Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) Bangalore IIA is a premier institute devoted to research in astronomy, astrophysics and related physics.
Development and Educational Communication Unit Ahmedabad The centre works for education, research, and training, mainly in conjunction with the INSAT program. The main activities carried out at DECU include GRAMSAT and EDUSAT projects. The Training and Development Communication Channel (TDCC) also falls under the operational control of the DECU.

Commercial wing :
Facility Location Description
Antrix Corporation Bangalore The marketing agency under government control markets ISRO's hardware, manpower, and software.


Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

Satellites
Earth observationBhaskara Satellite series * IRS * Cartosat 1 * Cartosat 2 * Cartosat 2A * Cartosat 3 * Oceansat-2
CommunicationIndian National Satellite System * GSAT-1 * GSAT-2 * GSAT-3 * GSAT-4 * KALPANA-1
Space observatoryAryabhata * Astrosat
Global positioningIndian Regional Navigational Satellite System
Extraterrestrial explorationAditya * Chandrayaan-1 * Chandrayaan-2 * Mars mission
Launch vehicle
fleet
Expendable launch systemSLV * ASLV * PSLV * GSLV * GSLV-Mk III
Reusable launch systemAVATAR RLV
Human spaceflight
programme
Technology demonstrationSRE-1 * SRE-2
Crew vehicleOrbital Vehicle * Indian Space Shuttle Program
Launch vehicleGSLV-IIH
Astronomy and
planetary sciences
ObservatoriesIndian Astronomical Observatory * Ooty Radio Telescope
InstitutionsNational Atmospheric Research Laboratory
Associated
organizations
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research * Raman Research Institute * Indian Institute of Astrophysics * Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics * Department of Space * Antrix Corporation * Aerospace Command * Defence Research and Development Organisation * IIST
People
AstronautsRakesh Sharma * Ravish Malhotra
ScientistsHomi Jehangir Bhabha * Vikram Sarabhai * Satish Dhawan * Raja Ramanna * Abdul Kalam * Udipi Ramachandra Rao * K. Kasturirangan * G. Madhavan Nair * Mylswamy Annadurai * B. N. Suresh * K. Radhakrishnan
Other
Bhuvan

Science and technology in IndiaIN

Antarctic Program * Architecture * Astronomy * Automobile industry * Cartography * Coinage * Communications * Education * Energy policy * History of measurement systems * History of metallurgy * History of science and technology * Information Technology * Inventions and discoveries * Logic * Maritime history * Mathematics * Media * Military history * Mining * National calendar * Nuclear power * Railways * Space program

Public sector space agencies

Africa
North AfricaDZ ASAL * EG NARRS, RSC * MA CRTS * TN CNT
Sub-SaharanNG NASRDA * ZA SANSA
Americas
North AmericaCA CSA * MX AEXA * US NASA, DoD (NRO, AFSPC, SMDC, TCO, USSTRATCOM)
South AmericaAR CONAE, ICTE * CL ACE * BR AEB, INPE, CTA, ITA * CO CCE * EC EXA * PE CONIDA * UY CIDA-E * VE ABAE, IVIC
Asia
East AsiaPRC CNSA, CASC (CCF, CGWIC, CALT, COSTIND) * JP JAXA (ISAS, NAL, NASDA), USEF, NICT * MN NRSC * KP KCST * KR KARI * ROC NSPO * VN STI, VNSC
Southeast AsiaID LAPAN * MY MNSA * PH PAGASA * TH GISTDA
South AsiaBD SPARRSO * IN ISRO, INCOSPAR, IUCAA, IIA, DoS, Antrix Corp * PK SUPARCO
Southwest AsiaAZ ANASAup|1 * IR IRSA, IAIO * IL ISA, NCSR
Central AsiaKZ SRIup|1
Europe
AT ASA * BE BISA * BG BSA * CZ CSO * DK DTU Space * esa ESA, ECSS, ELDO, ESRO, ESTEC * EU EUSC * EUMETSAT * FR CNES * DE DLR * GR ISARS * HU HSO * IT ASI * NL SRON * NO NSC * IE SI * PL CBK * PT CEP * RO ROSA * RU RKAup|1, VKS, SRI up|1 * URS SSP * SE SNSB * ES INTA * CH SSO * TR TÜBİTAK * UK UKSA * UA NSAUup|1
Oceania
AU CSIRO
World
APSCO * CCSDS * COSPAR * IAA * Intercosmos * INTELSAT * Intersputnik * UN UNOOSA * UN UNCOPUOS



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