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| Common name | Egypt | | Local name | جمهورية مصر العربية
| | Name | جمهورية مصر العربية
| | Anthem |
"Bilady, Bilady, Bilady"
My country, my country, my country | | Capital | Cairo | | Largest city | Cairo | | Official languages | Arabic | | Ethnic groups | 99% Egyptians
0.9% Nubians
0.1% Greeks | | Demonym | Egyptian | | Government | Military junta | | Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi | | Prime Minister | Essam Sharaf | | Unified state | c. 3100 BC | | Independence from the United Kingdom | 28 February 1922 | | Republican regime | 18 June 1953 | | Provisional Constitution | 30 March 2011 | | Total Area | 387048 sq mi (1002454.3 km2) (30th) | | Water % | 0.632 | | Population Est. | 80,801,170 (16th) | | Population census | 76,699,427 (total)
incl. 3,901,396 abroad (2006) | | Density (pop.) | 76.2/km2 (126th) (197.5/sq mi) | | GDP PPP | $508.265 billion (2011) | | GDP (PPP) per capita | $6,361 | | GDP (nominal) | $231.111 billion (2011) | | GDP (nominal) per capita | $2,892 | | Gini | 34.5 (1999 � 00) (medium) | | HDI | (+) 0.620 (2010) (medium) (101st) | | Currency | Egyptian pound (EGP) | | Time zone | EET (UTC+2 (No DST Since 2011)) | | Drives on the | right | | Internet TLD | .eg, مصر. | | Calling code | +20 |
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Egypt c-enaudio=En-us-Egypt.oggˈiːdʒɪpt (Arabic: , , -arzmɑsˤɾlang ; Coptic: , Kīmi ; Sahidic Coptic: , Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1010000 km2, Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its estimated 80 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40000 km2, where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.
Monuments in Egypt such as the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx were constructed by its ancient civilization. Its ancient ruins, such as those of Memphis, Thebes, and Karnak and the Valley of the Kings outside Luxor, are a significant focus of archaeological study. The tourism industry and the Red Sea Riviera employ about 12% of Egypt's workforce.
The economy of Egypt is one of the most diversified in the Middle East, with sectors such as tourism, agriculture, industry and service at almost equal production levels.
In early 2011, Egypt underwent a revolution, which resulted in the ousting of President Hosni Mubarak after nearly 30 years in power.
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