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| Common name | Mexico | | Local name | Estados Unidos Mexicanos | | Name | Estados Unidos Mexicanos | | Anthem | "Himno Nacional Mexicano"
Mexican National Anthem | | Capital | Mexico City | | Largest city | Mexico City | | Official languages | Spanish | | Regional languages | 62 Indigenous Amerindian languages | | Demonym | Mexican | | Government | Federal Republic | | President | Felipe Calderón (PAN) | | Secretary of the Interior | José Francisco Blake Mora | | Supreme Court President | Guillermo Ortiz Mayagoitia | | Legislature | Congress | | Upper House | Senate | | Lower House | Chamber of Deputies | | Independence | Independence (from Spain) | | Declared | September 16, 1810 | | Recognized | September 27, 1821 | | Total Area | 761606 sq mi (1972559.5 km2) (15th) | | Water % | 2.5 | | Population Est. | 111211789 (11th) | | Population census | 103263388 (2005) | | Density (pop.) | 54.8/km2 (142nd) (142/sq mi) | | GDP PPP | $1.541 trillion (2010) (11) | | GDP (PPP) per capita | $14,495[ (45th)] | | GDP (nominal) | $1.085 trillion[ (2010) (13)] | | GDP (nominal) per capita | $10,211[ (46th)] | | Gini | ▼ 46.1 (2008) (high) | | HDI | (+) 0.854 (2007) (high) (53rd|HDI_category=high) | | Currency | Peso (MXN) | | Time zone | Official Mexican Timezones (UTC-8 to −6) | | - Summer (DST) | varies (UTC-7 to −5) | | Drives on the | right | | Internet TLD | .mx | | Calling code | +52 |
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Aspects of Mexican economy
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| Country | Mexico |
| Width | 260px |
| Caption | Aspects of Mexican economy |
| Currency | Mexican peso (MXN, $) |
| Year | calendar |
| Organs | APEC, CARICOM, NAFTA, OECD and WTO |
| Rank | 11th |
| Gdp | $1.563 Trillion (2008) |
| Growth | 4.8% (2009) |
| Per Capita | $14,932 (2009 est.)|sectors=agriculture: 4%, industry: 26.6%, services: 69.5% (2007 est.) |
| Inflation | 2.88% (Central bank report for February 2009) |
| Poverty | 4.8% using food-based definition of poverty; asset based poverty amounted at approximately 15% (December 2008) |
| Gni | 50.9 (2005) |
| Labor | 45.38 million (2007 est.) |
| Occupations | agriculture: 13%, industry: 29%, services: 58% (2003) |
| Unemployment | 3.7% plus considerable underemployment(21%) (2007 est.) |
| Industries | Food and Beverages, Aerospace, Electronics, Tobacco, chemicals, Iron and Steel, Petroleum, Biotechnology, Mining, Shipbuilding, Electricity, Defense Products, Textiles, Clothing, Motor vehicles, Computers, consumer durables, Information Technologies, Tourism and Ecotourism |
| Exports | $419.9 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.) |
| Export-goods | Manufactured goods, electronics, automobiles, oil and oil products, aircraft, silver, computers and servers, fruits, meats, consumer electronics, processed foods, vegetables, ships, coffee, LCD screens, electricity, biotechnology, cotton, rolling stock, automotive and aircraft enigines, cellular phones, metals, industrial equipment, granite and marble, lithium, batteries, firearms, aluminium, information technologies, foodstuffs, silicone, medical technology, gold, plastics, microproccesors, |
| Export-partners | United States 49.2%, Germany 15%, South Korea 12.5% China 10.3% Chile 8.4% (2008) |
| Imports | $283 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Import-partners | United States 44.3%,
Brazil 31.5%,
Chile 9.3%,
China 5.5%,
South Korea 5.3%,
Japan 4.1% (2008) |
| Debt | $92.7 billion (October 2008) |
| Revenue | $571.2 billion (2008) |
| Expenses | $321.2 billion (2000 est.) |
| Aid | $189.4 million (2008) |
| Cianame | mx |
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Mexico, (pronounced c-enEn-us-Mexico.oggˈmɛksɨkoʊ; -esˈmexikoes-mx-México.ogg), officially known as the United Mexican States ( ), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory, which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain which would eventually become Mexico as the colony gained independence in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, territorial secession and civil war, including foreign intervention, two empires and two long domestic dictatorships. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party ( , PRI).
As a regional power, and since 1994 the first Latin American member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Mexico is firmly established as an upper middle-income country, and is considered a newly industrialized country and an emerging power. It has the 13th largest nominal GDP and the 11th largest by purchasing power parity. The economy is strongly linked to those of its North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners, especially the United States, as well as tourism, being the world's tenth most visited country with over 21.4 million international arrivals. Mexico boasts a long tradition in the arts, renowned cuisine, and culture, and it ranks fifth in the world and first in the Americas on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites with 31.
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