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Matthew Empson Welsh (September 15, 1912 - May 28, 1995) was the 41st Governor of Indiana from the Democratic Party, serving from 1961 to 1965. His term as governor saw a major increase in statewide taxation, including the first state sales tax, and the passage of a several important civil rights bills making Indiana one of the most friendly states to ethnic and religious minorities at that time. His tax hikes led to a near tax revolt in the state and people began writing "Indiana—Land of Taxes" on their license plates, at entry points into the state, in stores, and other public places. The situation killed any chance he had seeking higher office and earned him the moniker "Sales Tax Matt". Despite numerous reforms and his popularity among the Democratic Party, he had difficulty being elected in his second run for the governorship in 1972, and was defeated in a landslide. After leaving office he served as chairman of the Indiana Democratic Party, a member of the Democratic National Committee from 1964 until 1968 and as a federal commissioner on the International Joint Commission from 1966 until 1970. Throughout his life, Welsh was known for his personal motto, "It doesn't cost you anything to be a gentleman." After his retirement in 1972 he returned to Indianapolis, where he remained until his death in 1995.
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