Steve Biko
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Steve Biko

Personal information
Birth dateDecember 18, 1946
Place of birthKing William's Town, South Africa
Date of deathSeptember 12, 1977(age 30)
Death placePretoria, South Africa
Occupationanti-apartheid activist
SpouseNtsiki Mashalaba
ChildrenNkosinathi Biko, Samora Biko, Lerato Biko, Motlatsi Biko and Hlumelo Biko

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Stephen Bantu Biko (18 December 1946 - 12 September 1977) was a noted anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s and 1970s. A student leader, he later founded the Black Consciousness Movement which would empower and mobilize much of the urban black population. Since his death in police custody, he has been called a martyr of the anti-apartheid movement. While living, his writings and activism attempted to empower black people, and he was famous for his slogan "black is beautiful", which he described as meaning: "man, you are okay as you are, begin to look upon yourself as a human being". Despite friction between the African National Congress and Biko throughout the 1970s the ANC has included Biko in the pantheon of struggle heroes, going as far as using his image for campaign posters in South Africa's first non-racial elections in 1994.

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Apartheid in South Africa
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Pan-Africanism

Proponents Politicians: Nnamdi Azikiwe * Amílcar Cabral * Muammar al-Gaddafi * Marcus Garvey * David Comissiong * Kenneth Kaunda * Jomo Kenyatta * Patrice Lumumba * Thabo Mbeki * Abdias do Nascimento * Kwame Nkrumah * Julius Nyerere * John Nyathi Pokela * Haile Selassie * Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe * Ahmed Sékou Touré * I.T.A. Wallace-Johnson
Others: Molefi Kete Asante * Steve Biko * Edward Wilmot Blyden * John Henrik Clarke * Cheikh Anta Diop * W. E. B. Du Bois * Frantz Fanon * John G. Jackson * Yosef Ben-Jochannan * Maulana Karenga * Fela Kuti * Bob Marley * Malcolm X * Zephania Mothopeng * George Padmore * Motsoko Pheko * Runoko Rashidi * Walter Rodney * Burning Spear * Henry Sylvester-Williams * Stokely Carmichael * Omali Yeshitela
ConceptsUnited States of Africa * Afrocentrism * Kwanzaa * Pan-African colours * Pan-African flag * Négritude * African nationalism * African socialism * African Century * Africanization * Kawaida * Ujamaa * Harambee * Ubuntu * Zikism * Black nationalism
OrganizationsAfrican Union * Organization of African Unity * Uhuru Movement * UNIA-ACL * African Unification Front * International African Service Bureau



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