Cardiovascular disease
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Heart disease or cardiovascular diseases is the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels (arteries and veins). While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system (as used in MeSH C14), it is usually used to refer to those related to atherosclerosis (arterial disease). These conditions have similar causes, mechanisms, and treatments.

In practice, cardiovascular disease is treated by cardiologists, thoracic surgeons, vascular surgeons, neurologists, and interventional radiologists, depending on the organ system that is being treated. There is considerable overlap in the specialties, and it is common for certain procedures to be performed by different types of specialists in the same hospital.

Most countries face high and increasing rates of cardiovascular disease. Each year, heart disease kills more Americans than cancer. In recent years, cardiovascular risk in women has been increasing and has killed more women than breast cancer. A large histological study (PDAY) showed vascular injury accumulates from adolescence, making primary prevention efforts necessary from childhood.

By the time that heart problems are detected, the underlying cause (atherosclerosis) is usually quite advanced, having progressed for decades. There is therefore increased emphasis on preventing atherosclerosis by modifying risk factors, such as healthy eating, exercise and avoidance of smoking.

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Eating red meat raises heart disease risk - DoctorNDTV Tweet this news
DoctorNDTV--During follow up of these women without known cancer, diabetes mellitus, angina, heart attack, stroke or other -cardiovascular disease-, there were 2210 ... - Date : Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:17:05 GMT+00:00
Tough Childhoods May Contribute to Adult Heart Disease - BusinessWeek Tweet this news
BusinessWeek--14 (HealthDay News) -- Adults who experienced abuse, poverty, or social isolation in childhood are at increased risk for -cardiovascular disease- as a result ... - Date : Sat, 14 Aug 2010 22:27:02 GMT+00:00
Breast-Feeding Keeps Diabetes at Bay - MedPage Today Tweet this news
MedPage Today---...- women who give birth but do not breast-feed face an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and subsequent -cardiovascular disease-," they wrote. ... - Date : Fri, 27 Aug 2010 20:02:48 GMT+00:00
Smog is bad for your heart - Times of India Tweet this news
Times of India--“Several epidemiological studies have linked air pollution to the development of -cardiovascular disease-, but air pollution contains hundreds of chemicals ... - Date : Fri, 23 Jul 2010 06:42:03 GMT+00:00
Fruit, Cereal Reduce Heart-Disease Risk - Natural Products Industry Insider Tweet this news
Natural Products Industry Insider--During follow-up, a total of 2080 CVD deaths (983 strokes, 422 CHD and 675 other -cardiovascular disease- (CVD)) were documented. For men, the multivariable ... - Date : Thu, 22 Jul 2010 19:10:25 GMT+00:00
Half of young adults have CHD risk factors - TheHeart.Org Tweet this news
TheHeart.Org--Atlanta, GA - Approximately half of young adults have at least one -cardiovascular disease- risk factor, such as a family history of disease, smoking, ... - Date : Thu, 22 Jul 2010 20:21:40 GMT+00:00
Coffee and Tea Good For Your Heart - eMaxHealth Tweet this news
eMaxHealth--Those who drink six cups of tea daily may enjoy a 36 percent lower risk of heart -disease- when compared to those who drink less than one cup daily. ... - Date : Tue, 22 Jun 2010 16:43:17 GMT+00:00
Health Buzz: Processed Meats May Raise Heart, Diabetes Risk - U.S. News & World Report Tweet this news
U.S. News & World Report--Studies have associated heavy consumption of red meat with a shorter life and with a higher risk of diabetes, colon cancer, and -cardiovascular disease-, ... - Date : Tue, 18 May 2010 18:49:44 GMT+00:00
Corporate health program cuts cardiovascular disease-related medical costs - Daily News & Analysis Tweet this news
Daily News & Analysis--Washington, DC: Corporate health programs reduce employees' -cardiovascular disease--related medical and hospital costs, suggests new research. ... - Date : Sat, 22 May 2010 10:37:24 GMT+00:00
The Heart Disease Trifecta - Los Angeles Times Tweet this news
Los Angeles Times--Nearly half of all adult Americans have high cholesterol, high blood pressure or diabetes, all of which boost the risk of -cardiovascular disease-, ... - Date : Wed, 28 Apr 2010 05:16:27 GMT+00:00

Pathology: Medical conditions and ICD code

(A/B, 001-139)
Infectious disease/Infection: Bacterial disease (G+, G-) * Virus disease * Parasitic disease (Protozoan infection, Helminthiasis, Ectoparasitic infestation) * Mycosis * Zoonosis
(C/D,
140-239 & 280-289)
Cancer (C00-D48, 140-239)Tumor
Myeloid hematologic (D50-D77, 280-289)Anemia * Coagulopathy
Lymphoid immune (D80-D89, 279)Immunodeficiency * Immunoproliferative disorder * Hypersensitivity
(E, 240-278)
Endocrine disease * Nutrition disorder * Inborn error of metabolism
(F, 290-319)
Mental disorder
(G, 320-359)
Nervous system disease (CNS, PNS) * Neuromuscular disease
(H, 360-389)
Eye disease * Ear disease
(I, 390-459)
Cardiovascular disease (Heart disease, Vascular disease)
(J, 460-519)
Respiratory disease (Obstructive lung disease, Restrictive lung disease, Pneumonia)
(K, 520-579)
Stomatognathic disease (Tooth disease) * Digestive disease (Esophageal, Stomach, Enteropathy, Liver, Pancreatic)
(L, 680-709)
Skin disease * skin appendages (Nail disease, Hair disease, Sweat gland disease)
(M, 710-739)
Musculoskeletal disorders: Myopathy * Arthropathy * Osteochondropathy (Osteopathy, Chondropathy)
(N, 580-629)
Urologic disease (Nephropathy, Urinary bladder disease) * Male genital disease * Breast disease * Female genital disease
(O, 630-679)
Complications of pregnancy * Obstetric labor complication * Puerperal disorder
(P, 760-779)
Fetal disease
(Q, 740-759)
Congenital disorder (Congenital abnormality)
(R, 780-799)
Syndromes * Medical signs (Eponymous)
(S/T, 800-999)
Bone fracture * Joint dislocation * Sprain * Strain * Subluxation * Head injury * Chest trauma * Poisoning

Cardiovascular disease: heart disease * Circulatory system pathology (I00-I52, 390-429)

Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers

Cardiovascular disease: heart disease * Circulatory system pathology (I00-I52, 390-429)

Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers
Pericardium
Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade)
Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers
subgroup |groupstyle=background-color: MistyRose |Pericardium |Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade) |Myocardium |Myocarditis (Chagas disease) Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic) * Hypertrophic * Restrictive (Loeffler endocarditis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Endocardial fibroelastosis) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |Endocardium/
valves |

Cardiovascular disease: heart disease * Circulatory system pathology (I00-I52, 390-429)

Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers
Pericardium
Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade)
Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers
subgroup |groupstyle=background-color: MistyRose |Pericardium |Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade) |Myocardium |Myocarditis (Chagas disease) Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic) * Hypertrophic * Restrictive (Loeffler endocarditis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Endocardial fibroelastosis) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |Endocardium/
valves |
Pericardium
Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade)
Ischaemic
CD/CHDCAD * Coronary thrombosis * Coronary vasospasm * Coronary artery aneurysm * Coronary artery dissection * Myocardial Bridge
Active ischemiaAngina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) * Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)
Sequelaehours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) * days (Myocardial rupture) * weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)
Layers
subgroup |groupstyle=background-color: MistyRose |Pericardium |Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) * Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade) |Myocardium |Myocarditis (Chagas disease) Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic) * Hypertrophic * Restrictive (Loeffler endocarditis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Endocardial fibroelastosis) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |Endocardium/
valves |
Pre-excitation syndrome
Wolff-Parkinson-White * Lown-Ganong-Levine
Flutter/fibrillation
Atrial flutter * Ventricular flutter * Atrial fibrillation (Familial) * Ventricular fibrillation
Pacemaker
Wandering pacemaker * Ectopic pacemaker/Ectopic beat * Parasystole * Multifocal atrial tachycardia * Pacemaker syndrome
Long QT syndrome
Romano-Ward syndrome * Andersen-Tawil syndrome * Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
Cardiac arrest
Sudden cardiac death * Asystole * Pulseless electrical activity * Sinoatrial arrest
Other/ungrouped
hexaxial reference system (Right axis deviation, Left axis deviation) * QT (Short QT syndrome) * T (T wave alternans) * ST (Osborn wave, ST elevation, ST depression)

Cardiovascular disease: vascular disease * Circulatory system pathology (I70 �I99, 440 �456)

Arteries, arterioles
and capillaries

Cardiovascular disease: vascular disease * Circulatory system pathology (I70 �I99, 440 �456)

Arteries, arterioles
and capillaries
Inflammation
Arteritis (Aortitis) * Buerger's disease
Arterial occlusive disease/
peripheral vascular disease
ArteriosclerosisAtherosclerosis (Foam cell, Fatty streak, Atheroma, Intermittent claudication) * Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis * Arteriolosclerosis (Hyaline, Hyperplastic, oxycholesterol, cholesterol, LDL, trans fat)
StenosisRenal artery stenosis * Carotid artery stenosis
OtherFibromuscular dysplasia * Degos disease * Aortoiliac occlusive disease * Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease * Erythromelalgia
Arteries, arterioles
and capillaries
subgroup |groupstyle=background-color: MistyRose |Inflammation |Arteritis (Aortitis) * Buerger's disease |Arterial occlusive disease/
peripheral vascular disease |
ArteriosclerosisAtherosclerosis (Foam cell, Fatty streak, Atheroma, Intermittent claudication) * Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis * Arteriolosclerosis (Hyaline, Hyperplastic, oxycholesterol, cholesterol, LDL, trans fat)
StenosisRenal artery stenosis * Carotid artery stenosis
OtherFibromuscular dysplasia * Degos disease * Aortoiliac occlusive disease * Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease * Erythromelalgia
Vascular malformation
Arteriovenous fistula * Telangiectasia (Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)
Vascular nevus
Spider angioma * Halo nevus * Cherry hemangioma

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period / fetal disease (P, 760-779)

Maternal factors and
complications of pregnancy,
labour and delivery
placenta: Placenta praevia * Placental insufficiency * Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome chorion/amnion: Chorioamnionitis umbilical cord: Umbilical cord prolapse * Nuchal cord * Single umbilical artery |Length of gestation
and fetal growth |Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age * Preterm birth/Postmature birth * Fetal growth retardation |Birth trauma |scalp (Cephalhematoma, Chignon, Caput succedaneum, Subgaleal hemorrhage) * Brachial plexus lesion (Erb's palsy, Klumpke paralysis) |By system |
RespiratoryIntrauterine hypoxia * Infant respiratory distress syndrome * Transient tachypnea of the newborn * Meconium aspiration syndrome * pleural disease (Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum) * Wilson-Mikity syndrome * Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
CardiovascularPneumopericardium * Persistent fetal circulation
Haemorrhagic and
hematologic disease		Vitamin K deficiency (Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn) HDN (ABO * Anti-Kell * Rh c * Rh D * Rh E) * Hydrops fetalis * Hyperbilirubinemia (Kernicterus, Neonatal jaundice) Velamentous cord insertion Intraventricular hemorrhage (Germinal matrix hemorrhage) Anemia of prematurity
DigestiveIleus * Necrotizing enterocolitis * Meconium peritonitis
Integument and
temperature regulation		Erythema toxicum * Sclerema neonatorum
Nervous systemPeriventricular leukomalacia
MusculoskeletalGray baby syndrome * muscle tone (Congenital hypertonia, Congenital hypotonia)
Length of gestation
and fetal growth
Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age * Preterm birth/Postmature birth * Fetal growth retardation
Birth trauma
scalp (Cephalhematoma, Chignon, Caput succedaneum, Subgaleal hemorrhage) * Brachial plexus lesion (Erb's palsy, Klumpke paralysis)
By system
RespiratoryIntrauterine hypoxia * Infant respiratory distress syndrome * Transient tachypnea of the newborn * Meconium aspiration syndrome * pleural disease (Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum) * Wilson-Mikity syndrome * Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
CardiovascularPneumopericardium * Persistent fetal circulation
Haemorrhagic and
hematologic disease		Vitamin K deficiency (Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn) HDN (ABO * Anti-Kell * Rh c * Rh D * Rh E) * Hydrops fetalis * Hyperbilirubinemia (Kernicterus, Neonatal jaundice) Velamentous cord insertion Intraventricular hemorrhage (Germinal matrix hemorrhage) Anemia of prematurity
DigestiveIleus * Necrotizing enterocolitis * Meconium peritonitis
Integument and
temperature regulation		Erythema toxicum * Sclerema neonatorum
Nervous systemPeriventricular leukomalacia
MusculoskeletalGray baby syndrome * muscle tone (Congenital hypertonia, Congenital hypotonia)
Infectious
Perinatal infection (Congenital rubella syndrome, Neonatal herpes simplex) * Omphalitis * Neonatal sepsis (Group B streptococcal infection) * Neonatal conjunctivitis
Other
Perinatal mortality (Stillbirth, Infant mortality) * Neonatal withdrawal



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