Endocardium
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Endocardium

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The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart. Its cells are embryologically and biologically similar to the endothelial cells that line blood vessels.

The endocardium underlies the much more voluminous myocardium, the muscular tissue responsible for the contraction of the heart. The outer layer of the heart is termed epicardium and the heart is surrounded by a small amount of fluid enclosed by a fibrous sac called the pericardium.

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Papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve- a case report and literature review - 7thSpace Interactive (press release) Tweet this news
7thSpace Interactive (press release)--We herein, present a 50-year-old female patient with a papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve arising from the -endocardium- of the right coronary cusp ... - Date : Sun, 17 Oct 2010 18:41:33 GMT+00:00
Fund set up for man with rare heart tumor - Circleville Herald Tweet this news
Circleville Herald--Bernard “Bern” Campbell, 57, of New Plymouth, was recently found to have urothelial carcinoma metastatic to the -endocardium-, a malignant heart tumor.--- - Date : Tue, 28 Sep 2010 13:45:21 GMT+00:00

Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart (TA A12.1, GA 5.524)

General
Surfacebase * apex * grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) * surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) * borders (right, left) * Openings of smallest cardiac veins
Internalatria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati, sulcus terminalis) * ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle) * valves * cusps * Atrioventricular septum cardiac skeleton Intervenous tubercle
Chambers
Right heart(venae cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (atrial appendage, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of inferior vena cava, valve of coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula) → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)
Left heart(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (atrial appendage) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)
Layers
EndocardiumHeart valves
MyocardiumConduction system: Cardiac pacemaker * SA node * AV node * bundle of His * Purkinje fibers
Pericardial cavityPericardial sinus
Pericardiumfibrous pericardium (Sternopericardiac ligaments) * serous pericardium (epicardium/visceral layer) * Fold of the left vena cava



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