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Tajikistan

Tajikistan
General information
Common nameTajikistan
Local name  
Çumhuriji Toçikiston
Name  
Çumhuriji Toçikiston
AnthemSurudi Milli
National anthem of Tajikistan
CapitalDushanbe
Largest citycapital
Official languagesPersian (Tajik)
DemonymTajikistani
Government
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
PresidentEmomalii Rahmon
Prime MinisterOqil Oqilov
Independence (from the Soviet Union)Independence (from the Soviet Union)
Establishment of the Samanid Empire875 AD
DeclaredSeptember 9, 1991
CompletedDecember 25, 1991
Geography
Total Area55251 sq mi (143100.1 km2) (102nd)
Water %1.8
Demography
Population Est.7,995,754 (96th)
Population census6127000 (2000)
Density (pop.)48.6/km2 (155th) (125.8/sq mi)
Economy
GDP PPP$13.666 billion (2009)
GDP (PPP) per capita$2,103
GDP (nominal)$4.982 billion (2009)
GDP (nominal) per capita$767
Other information
Gini33.59 (2004) (medium)
HDI(+) 0.688 (2007) (medium) (127th)
CurrencySomoni (TJS)
Time zoneTJT (UTC+5)
Drives on theright
Internet TLD.tj
Calling code992

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Tajikistan (c-enaudio=En-us-Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Çumhuriji Toçikiston; Jomhuri-ye Tajikestan; Республика Таджикистан, Respublika Tadzhikistan), is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan also lies adjacent to Pakistan's Chitral and the Gilgit-Baltistan region, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor, which is claimed by both Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Most of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Persian-speaking Tajik ethnic group, who share language, culture and history with Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Once part of the Samanid Empire, Tajikistan became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union in the 20th century, known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR). Mountains cover over 90% of this Central Asian republic.

After independence, Tajikistan suffered from a devastating civil war which lasted from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Trade in commodities such as cotton, aluminium and uranium has contributed greatly to this steady improvement.


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