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| Name | Persian |
| Nativename | , , |
| Pronunciation | -fafɒːɾˈsiː |
| Imagesize | 100px |
| Imagecaption | Written in native script (Nastaʿlīq style), pronounced in the Persian language as Fārsī or, alternatively, its etymological root Pārsī. |
| States | Iran
Afghanistan
Tajikistan
Uzbekistan
Turkey
Iraq
AE
Qatar
Kuwait
Bahrain
Oman
(see article for full list) |
| Region | Western Asia, Central Asia |
| Script | Persian alphabet
Cyrillic script (Tajikistan) |
| Speakers | ca. 80-100 million, as first language (2006 estimates) |
| Familycolor | Indo-European |
| Fam1 | Indo-European |
| Fam2 | Indo-Iranian |
| Fam3 | Iranian |
| Fam4 | Western Iranian |
| Fam5 | Southwestern Iranian |
| Dia1 | Iranian Persian (pes) |
| Dia2 | Afghan Persian (prs) |
| Dia3 | Tajiki (tgk) |
| Dia4 | Bukharic (bhh) |
| Dia5 | Pahlavani (phv) |
| Dia6 | Hazaragi (haz) |
| Dia7 | Aimaq (aiq) |
| Dia8 | Dzhidi (jpr) |
| Dia9 | Dehwari (deh) |
| Nation | Iran
Afghanistan
Tajikistan |
| Agency | Academy of Persian Language and Literature (Iran)
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| Iso1 | fa|iso2b=per|iso2t=fas |
| Iso3 | fas |
| Lingua | 58-AAC (Wider Persian) > 58-AAC-c (Central Persian) |
| Lc1 | pes|ld1=Western Persian|ll1=Western Persian |
| Lc2 | prs|ld2=Eastern Persian|ll2=Dari (Persian) |
| Lc3 | tgk|ld3=Tajiki|ll3=Tajik language |
| Lc4 | aiq|ld4=Aimaq|ll4=Aimaq language |
| Lc5 | bhh|ld5=Bukharic|ll5=Bukhori language |
| Lc6 | drw|ld6=Darwazi|ll6=Darwazi language |
| Lc7 | haz|ld7=Hazaragi|ll7=Hazaragi language |
| Lc8 | jpr|ld8=Dzhidi|ll8=Dzhidi language |
| Lc9 | phv|ld9=Pahlavani|ll9=Pahlavani language |
| Lc10 | deh|ld10=Dehwari|ll10=Dehwari language |
| Mapcaption | Countries with significant Persian-speaking populations
(Click on image for the legend) |
| Notice | IPA |
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Persian ( , -fafɒːɾˈsiːIPA) is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and countries which historically came under Persian influence. The Persian language is classified as a continuation of Middle Persian, the official religious and literary language of Sassanid Persia, itself a continuation of Old Persian, the language of Persian Empire in the Achaemenid era. Persian is a pluricentric language and its grammar is similar to that of many contemporary European languages. The name of the Persian language derives from its etymological root Pārsī (پارسی).
Persian has ca. 110 million native speakers, holding official status respectively in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. For centuries Persian has also been a prestigious cultural language in Central Asia, South Asia, and Western Asia.
Persian has had a considerable influence on neighboring languages, particularly the Turkic languages in Central Asia, Caucasus, and Anatolia, neighboring Iranian languages, as well as Armenian, Arabic and other languages. It has also exerted a strong influence on South Asian languages, especially Urdu, as well as Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Saraiki, Sylheti, Bengali, Oriya.
With a long history of literature in the form of Middle Persian before Islam, Persian was the first language in Muslim civilization to break through Arabic’s monopoly on writing, and the writing of poetry in Persian was established as a court tradition in many eastern courts.
Some of the famous works of Persian literature are the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, works of Rumi, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Divan of Hafiz and poems of Saadi.
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