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| | Name | Neo soul | | Stylistic origins | Soul, R&B, hip hop, funk, jazz, electronic, quiet storm, pop, jazz-funk, fusion, African | | Cultural origins | 1980s-early 1990s, United States, United Kingdom | | Typical instruments | Guitar - bass - electric piano - organ - drums - vocals (singing, rapping, spoken word) - synthesizers - horns - drum machines | | Mainstream popularity | Late 1990s � early 2000s | | Other topics | Acid jazz, African-American music, hip hop soul, nu jazz, rare groove, spoken word soul |
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Neo soul is a term coined by music industry entrepreneur Kedar Massenburg during the late 1990s to market and describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B. Heavily based in soul music, neo soul is distinguished by a less conventional sound than its contemporary R&B counterpart, with incorporated elements ranging from jazz, funk, and hip hop to pop, fusion, and African music.
Developed in the United States and United Kingdom during the 1980s and early 1990s as a soul "revival" movement, neo soul emerged into the mainstream with the commercial and critical breakthroughs of several neo soul artists during the 1990s, as it was marketed as an alternative to the producer-driven, digitally-approached R&B of the time. Since its initial mainstream popularity and impact on the sound of contemporary R&B, it has been expanded and diversified musically through the works of both American and international artists. According to Mark Anthony Neal, "neo-soul and its various incarnations has helped to redefine the boundaries and contours of black pop".
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