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Sheffield

Sheffield
Administration
Full nameCity of Sheffield
Official nameCity of Sheffield
Settlement typeCity & Metropolitan borough
Motto"Deo Adjuvante Labor Proficit" "With God's help our labour is successful"
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
RegionYorkshire and the Humber
Ceremonial countySouth Yorkshire
Admin HQSheffield City Centre
Founded~8th century
Town charter10 August 1297
City status1893
Government
TypeMetropolitan borough, City
Governing bodySheffield City Council
Lord MayorAlan Law
Council LeaderJulie Dore (L)
MPs:Clive Betts (L)
Paul Blomfield (L)
David Blunkett (L)
Nick Clegg (LD)
Meg Munn (L)
Angela Smith (L)
Geography
Total Area142 sq mi (367.94 km2)
Demography
Total Population  (Ranked  ) ( )
Density (pop.) /km2 (0/sq mi)
Urban (pop.)640,720
(Sheffield urban area)
County1292900
Other information
Time zoneGreenwich Mean Time (UTC+0)
PostcodeS
Area code0114
ISO 3166-2GB-SHF
ONS code00CG
OS grid reference 
NUTS 3UKE32
DemonymSheffielders

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Sheffield c-enaudio=en-uk-Sheffield.oggˈʃɛfiːld is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is ( ) and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the English Core Cities Group.

During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1893, officially becoming the City of Sheffield. International competition in iron and steel caused a decline in traditional local industries during the 1970s and 1980s, coinciding with the collapse of coal mining in the area.

The 21st century has seen extensive redevelopment in Sheffield along with other British cities. Sheffield's gross value added (GVA) has increased by 60% since 1997, standing at £9.2 billion in 2007. The economy has experienced steady growth averaging around 5% annually, greater than that of the broader region of Yorkshire and the Humber.

The city is located within the valleys of the River Don and its four tributaries, the Loxley, the Porter Brook, the Rivelin, and the Sheaf, from which the city takes its name. 61% of the Sheffield’s entire area is green space, and a third of the city lies within the Peak District National Park. There are more than 200 parks, woodlands and gardens in the city, and an estimated 2.5 million trees, giving Sheffield the highest ratio of trees to people of any city in Europe.


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