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| Common name | Georgia (country) | | Local name |
Sakartvelo
Georgia | | Name |
Sakartvelo
Georgia | | Motto | Dzala ertobashia (ძალა ერთობაშია)
(English: ) | | Anthem | Tavisupleba (თავისუფლება)
(English: ) | | Capital | Tbilisi | | Largest city | capital | | Official languages | Georgian | | Ethnic groups | 83.8% Georgian, 6.0% Azeri, 5.2% Armenian, 1.5% Russian, 3.5% other | | Demonym | Georgian | | Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic | | President | Mikheil Saakashvili | | Prime Minister | Nikoloz Gilauri | | Formation | Formation | | Kingdom of Georgia | 1008 | | Democratic Republic of Georgia | May 26, 1918 | | Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic | February 25, 1921 | Independence from the Soviet Union Declared
Finalized |
April 9, 1991
December 25, 1991 | | Total Area | 26916 sq mi (69712.4 km2) (120th) | | Population Est. | 4,436,400(Georgia) (118nd) | | Density (pop.) | 61.1/km2 (128th) (158.2/sq mi) | | GDP PPP | $21.426 billion (2010) | | GDP (PPP) per capita | $4,882 | | GDP (nominal) | $10.896 billion[ (2010)] | | GDP (nominal) per capita | $2,482 | | HDI | (+) 0.778 (2007) (medium) (89th) | | Currency | Lari (ლ) (GEL) | | Time zone | UTC (UTC+4) | | - Summer (DST) | not observed (UTC+4) | | Drives on the | right | | Internet TLD | .ge | | Calling code | 995 |
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Georgia ( , -kasɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔIPASakartvelo.ogg; -enˈdʒɔrdʒə-en-us-Georgia.ogg) is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Situated at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the east by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 km2 and its population is more than 4.6 million. Georgia's constitution is that of a representative democracy, organized as a unitary, semi-presidential republic. It is currently a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Community of Democratic Choice, the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, and the Asian Development Bank. The country aspires to join NATO and the European Union.
The history of Georgia can be traced back to the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia, and it was one of the first countries to adopt Christianity, in the 4th century. Georgia reached the peak of its political and economic strength during the reign of King David and Queen Tamar in 11th and 12th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, Georgia was annexed by the Russian Empire. After a brief period of independence following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Georgia was annexed by Russian red army in 1921 and in 1922 Georgia was incorporated into the Soviet Union, which lasted until the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. Like many post-communist countries, Georgia suffered from the economic crisis and civil unrest during the 1990s. After the Rose Revolution, the new political leadership introduced democratic reforms but the foreign investment and economic growth which followed initially have slackened substantially since.
Georgia contains two de facto independent regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, who, after the 2008 Russia-Georgia military conflict gained partial international recognition. Georgia considers the regions to be occupied by Russia.
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