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Assamese script

NameAssamese abugida
TypeAbugida
LanguagesAssamese
Time13th Century to the present
RegionIndia
Fam1Proto-Sinaitic
Fam2Phoenician
Fam3Aramaic
Fam4Brāhmī
Fam5Gupta script
Fam6Siddham
Fam7Eastern Nagari
SampleOxomiya Lipi.svg
Imagesize200px

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The Assamese script (অসমীয়া আখৰ Ôxômiya Akhôr) is a variant of the Eastern Nagari script also used for Bengali and Bishnupriya Manipuri. The Eastern Nagari script belongs to the Brahmic family of scripts and has a continuous history of development from Nagari script, a precursor of Devanagari. By the 17th century three styles of Assamese script could be identified (baminiya, kaitheli and garhgaya) which gave way to the standard script which followed the typeset script. The present standard is identical to the Bengali script except for two letters.

Buranjis were written during Ahom dynasties in Assamese language using Assamese script. The earliest evidence of Assamese script is found in the Charyapada, the Buddhist songs. They are supposed to have been composed within a time-frame of four hundred years from 8th century AD to 12th century AD. In the 14th century Madhava Kandali used Assamese script to compose the famous Kotha Ramayana which is the first translation of Ramayana in a regional Indian language after Valmiki Ramayana in Sanskrit. Later, Srimanta Sankardeva used it in the 15th and 16th centuries to compose his oeuvre in Assamese and Brajavali the language of the Bhakti poems (Borgeets) and Dramas (Ankiya naat).

Ahom king Chakradwaj Singha, (1663-1670 AD) was the first ruler who started issuing Assamese coins for his kingdom (see figure for a sample coin). Similar script with minor differences are used to write Bengali (Bengali script), Manipuri and Sylheti language.

Assamese script Video


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Vowels :
+ Vowels
Letter Name of letter Vowel sign with [kɔ] (ক) Name of vowel sign Transliteration IPA
ô (none) (none)
or অ' o (none) or ক' (none) ko ko
a কা akar ka ka
hôrswô i কি hôrswôikar ki ki
dirghô i কী dirghôikar ki ki
hôrswô u কু hôrswôukar ku ku
dirghô u কূ dirghôukar ku ku
ri কৃ rikar kri kri
e কে ekar kê and ke kɛ and ke
ôi কৈ ôikar kôi kɔj
û কো ûkar
ôu কৌ ôukar kôu kɔw

Consonants>
Consonants
Consonants :
Letter Name of Letter Transliteration IPA
k k
khô kh
g ɡ
ghô gh ɡʱ
ngô ng ŋ
prôthôm sô s s
ditiyô sô s s
bôrgiyô zô z z
jhô z z
niô y j
murdhônyô tô t t
murdhônyô thô th
murdhônyô dô d d
murdhônyô dhô dh
murdhônyô nô n n
dôntyô tô t t
dôntyô thô th
dôntyô dô d d
dôntyô dhô dh
dôntyô nô n n
p p
phô ph
b b
bhô bh
m m
ôntôsthô zô z z
r ɹ
l l
w w
talôibbô xô x and s x~s
murdhônyô xô x and s x~s
dôntyô xô x and s x~s
h h
ক্ষ khyô khy kʰj
ড় dôre ŗô ŗ ɾ
ঢ় đhôre ŗô ŗ ɾ
য় ôntôsthô yô y j

Consonants clusters :
Conjunct letters Conjunct letters (Latin interpretation) [Phoneme Clusters (with Phonetics)
ক + ক (ka+ka) ক্ক kka
ঙ + ক (na+ka) ঙ্ক ńka
ল + ক (la+ka) ল্ক lka
ষ + ক (şa+ka) স্ক şka
স + ফ (sa+pha) স্ফ spha
ঙ + খ (ña+kh) ঙ্খ ñkha
স + খ (sa+kh) স্খ skha
ঙ + গ (ńa+ga) ঙ্গ ńga
ঙ + ঘ (ń+gha) ঙঘ ńgha
দ + ঘ (da+gha) দঘ dgha
শ + চ (śa+ca) শ্চ śca
চ + চ্হ (ca+cha) চ্ছ ccha
ঞ + চ্হ (ña+cha) ঞ্ছ ñcha
ঞ + জ (ña+ja) ঞ্জ ñja
জ + ঞ (ja+ña) জ্ঞ jña
ল + ট্ (la+ţa) ল্ lţa
ণ + ঠ (ņ+tḥa) ণ্ঠ ņtha
ষ + ঠ (şa+tḥa) ষ্ঠ ştha
ণ + ড (ņa+ḍa) ণ্ড ņḍa
ষ + ণ (şa+ņa) ষ্ণ şņa
হ + ন (ha+na) হ hna
ক + ষ (ka+ņa) ক্ষ kņa
প + ত (pa+ta) প্ত pta
স + ত (sa+ta) স্ত sta
ক + ত (ka+ta) ক্ত kta
গ + ন (ga+na) ঘ্ন gna
ম + ন (ma+na) ম্ন mna
শ + ন (śa+na) শ্ন śna
স + ন (sa+na) স্ন sna
হ + ন (ha+na) হ hna
ত + থ (ta+tha) ত্থ ttha
ন + থ (na+tha) ন্থ ntha
ষ + থ (şa+tha) ষ্থ ştha
ন + দ (na+da) ন্দ nda
ব + দ (ba+da) ব্দ bda
ম + প (ma+pa) ম্প mpa
ল + প (la+pa) ল্প lpa
ষ + প (şa+pa) ষ্প şpa
স + প (sa+pa) স্প spa
ম + ফ (ma+pha) ম্ফ mpha
ষ + ফ (şa+pha) স্ফ şpha
দ + ব (da+ba) দ্ব dba
ম + ব (ma+ba) ম্ব mba
হ + ব ha+ba) হ্ব hba
দ + ভ (da+bha) দ্ভ dbha
ম + ভ (ma+bha) ম্ভ mbha
ক + ম (ka+ma) ক্ম kma
দ + ম (da+ma) দ্ম dma
হ + ম (ha+ma) হ্ম hma
ম + ম (ma+ma) ম্ম mma

Digits :
+ Digits
Hindu-Arabic numerals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Assamese numerals
Assamese names xuinnô ek dui tini sari pas sôy xat ath
শূণ্য এক দুই তিনি চাৰি পাচ ছয় সাত আঠ



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