Alabama
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Alabama

US State
NicknameYellowhammer State; Heart of Dixie; Cotton State
MottoAudemus jura nostra defendere (Latin)
Official languagesEnglish
Spoken languagesEnglish (96.17%)
Spanish (2.12%)
DemonymAlabamian
CapitalMontgomery
Largest cityBirmingham
229,800 (2007 estimate)
Largest metro areaGreater Birmingham Area
Area
Area Ranked30th
Total52419 sq mi 135765 km2
Width190 mi 306 km
Length330 mi 531 km
% water3.20
Population
Pop. Rank23rd
Total4,661,900 (2008 est.)
4,447,100 (2000)
Density84.83 /sq mi 33.84 /km2
Elevation
Highest pointMount Cheaha
2413 ft 734 m
Mean499 ft 152 m
Lowest pointGulf of Mexico
0 ft 0 m
Other information
Admission to UnionDecember 14, 1819 (22nd)
GovernorRobert R. Riley (R)
Lieutenant GovernorJim Folsom, Jr. (D)
LegislatureAlabama Legislature
Upper houseSenate
Lower houseHouse of Representatives
U.S. SenatorsRichard Shelby (R)
Jeff Sessions (R)
U.S. House delegation5 Republicans, 2 Democrats
Timezone
Time zoneCentral: UTC-6/DST-5

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Alabama (c-enen-us-Alabama.oggˌæləˈbæmə) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland waterways. The state ranks 23rd in population with almost 4.6 million residents in 2006.

From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many Southern states, suffered economic hardship, in part because of continued dependence on agriculture. Despite the growth of major industries and urban centers, white rural interests dominated the state legislature until the 1960s, while urban interests and African Americans were under-represented. Following World War II, Alabama experienced growth as the economy of the state transitioned from agriculture to diversified interests in heavy manufacturing, mineral extraction, education, and technology. In addition, the establishment or expansion of multiple military installations, primarily those of the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force, added to state jobs.

Alabama is unofficially nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie". The state tree is the Longleaf Pine, the state flower is the Camellia. The capital of Alabama is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham. The largest city by total land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists.

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Alabama to appeal Dareus suspension - ESPN (blog) Tweet this news
ESPN (blog)--The feeling all along in the -Alabama- camp was that the Crimson Tide were probably going to lose junior defensive end Marcell Dareus for at ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 00:59:08 GMT+00:00
San Jose State players 'excited' to face college football Goliath, Alabama - San Jose Mercury News Tweet this news
San Jose Mercury News--SJSU will open its 2010 season Saturday afternoon against -Alabama-, the defending national champions, the top-ranked team in the country and the winner of ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 01:47:15 GMT+00:00
Another Tim from Fla. bound for college stardom? - The Associated Press Tweet this news
The Associated Press--He is considering -Alabama-, Florida, Florida State, LSU and Michigan. It's clear why so many top programs would be interested in him, too. ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 01:47:04 GMT+00:00
NCAA suspends Alabama's Dareus - WATE.com Tweet this news
WATE.com--(AP) - The NCAA has declared -Alabama- defensive end Marcell Dareus ineligible for two games for accepting improper benefits. The ruling ordered Dareus to ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 06:50:41 GMT+00:00
ALABAMA FOOTBALL: San Jose coach has winning history at Bryant-Denny - Montgomery Advertiser Tweet this news
Montgomery Advertiser--MacIntyre remembers the glee he felt when Vandy beat -Alabama- 30-21 and the pride his dad, then-Vandy coach George, showed. There are certain plays that ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 09:04:53 GMT+00:00
Late heroics lift Florida Atlantic past UAB 32-31 - The Associated Press Tweet this news
The Associated Press--Florida Atlantic blocked a potential 28-yard game-winning field goal on the final play to hold off -Alabama--Birmingham in a 32-31 win in the season opener ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 05:44:10 GMT+00:00
Texas-Rice Preview Capsule - Dallas Morning News Tweet this news
Dallas Morning News--AP The Longhorns begin the year with hopes of returning to the BCS title game after a stinging 37-21 loss to -Alabama- last season, when QB Colt McCoy was ... - Date : Thu, 02 Sep 2010 17:52:24 GMT+00:00
Georgia State rolls in first football game 41-7 - The Associated Press Tweet this news
The Associated Press---...- the Panthers had no trouble against Shorter (0-2), a tiny NAIA school from northwest Georgia that had lost its opener to Division II West -Alabama- 37-7. ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 05:43:20 GMT+00:00
No. 1 Recruit Jadeveon Clowney Still Locked on Alabama, South Carolina - Bleacher Report Tweet this news
Bleacher Report--After the game, Clowney met with reporters and reaffirmed that his top two choices remain -Alabama- and South Carolina and that those are the two schools ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 15:12:33 GMT+00:00
Five Heisman Trophy favorites - Detroit Free Press Tweet this news
Detroit Free Press--RB, Jr., -Alabama-: As the reigning Heisman Trophy winner, Ingram has to be included in this discussion. After injuring his knee earlier ... - Date : Fri, 03 Sep 2010 09:35:01 GMT+00:00

Urban areas :
Rank Metropolitan Area Population (2008 estimates)
1 Birmingham-Hoover 1,117,608
2 Mobile 404,406
3 Huntsville 386,632
4 Montgomery 365,962
5 Tuscaloosa 205,218
6 Decatur 150,125
7 Florence-Muscle Shoals 143,791
8 Dothan 139,499
9 Auburn-Opelika 130,516
10 Anniston-Oxford 113,103
11 Gadsden 103,217
Total 3,260,077

Urban areas :
Rank City Population
(2008 estimates)
1 Birmingham 228,798
2 Montgomery 202,696
3 Mobile 191,022
4 Huntsville 176,645
5 Tuscaloosa 90,221
6 Hoover 71,020
7 Dothan 66,505
8 Auburn 56,088
9 Decatur 56,068
10 Madison 38,714

Climate :
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
City temp °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F °C
Birmingham high 53 F (11.7 C) 58 F (14.4 C) 66 F (18.9 C) 74 F (23.3 C) 81 F (27.2 C) 88 F (31.1 C) 91 F (32.8 C) 90 F (32.2 C) 85 F (29.4 C) 75 F (23.9 C) 64 F (17.8 C) 56 F (13.3 C)
low 32 F (0 C) 35 F (1.7 C) 42 F (5.6 C) 48 F (8.9 C) 58 F (14.4 C) 65 F (18.3 C) 70 F (21.1 C) 69 F (20.6 C) 63 F (17.2 C) 51 F (10.6 C) 42 F (5.6 C) 35 F (1.7 C)
Huntsville high 49 F (9.4 C) 55 F (12.8 C) 63 F (17.2 C) 72 F (22.2 C) 80 F (26.7 C) 86 F (30 C) 89 F (31.7 C) 89 F (31.7 C) 83 F (28.3 C) 73 F (22.8 C) 62 F (16.7 C) 52 F (11.1 C)
low 31 F (-0.6 C) 34 F (1.1 C) 41 F (5 C) 48 F (8.9 C) 58 F (14.4 C) 65 F (18.3 C) 70 F (21.1 C) 68 F (20 C) 62 F (16.7 C) 50 F (10 C) 41 F (5 C) 34 F (1.1 C)
Mobile high 61 F (16.1 C) 64 F (17.8 C) 71 F (21.7 C) 77 F (25 C) 84 F (28.9 C) 89 F (31.7 C) 91 F (32.8 C) 91 F (32.8 C) 87 F (30.6 C) 79 F (26.1 C) 70 F (21.1 C) 63 F (17.2 C)
low 40 F (4.4 C) 42 F (5.6 C) 49 F (9.4 C) 55 F (12.8 C) 63 F (17.2 C) 69 F (20.6 C) 72 F (22.2 C) 72 F (22.2 C) 68 F (20 C) 56 F (13.3 C) 48 F (8.9 C) 42 F (5.6 C)
Montgomery high 58 F (14.4 C) 62 F (16.7 C) 70 F (21.1 C) 78 F (25.6 C) 85 F (29.4 C) 91 F (32.8 C) 93 F (33.9 C) 92 F (33.3 C) 88 F (31.1 C) 79 F (26.1 C) 69 F (20.6 C) 60 F (15.6 C)
low 36 F (2.2 C) 39 F (3.9 C) 45 F (7.2 C) 51 F (10.6 C) 60 F (15.6 C) 67 F (19.4 C) 71 F (21.7 C) 70 F (21.1 C) 65 F (18.3 C) 52 F (11.1 C) 44 F (6.7 C) 38 F (3.3 C)

Water ports :
align=bottom|
Port name Location Connected to
Port of Florence Florence/Muscle Shoals, on Pickwick Lake Tennessee River
Port of Decatur Decatur, on Wheeler Lake Tennessee River
Port of Guntersville Guntersville, on Lake Guntersville Tennessee River
Port of Birmingham Birmingham, on Black Warrior River Tenn-Tom Waterway
Port of Tuscaloosa Tuscaloosa, on Black Warrior River Tenn-Tom Waterway
Port of Montgomery Montgomery, on Woodruff Lake Alabama River
Port of Mobile Mobile, on Mobile Bay Gulf of Mexico

National politics :
Presidential elections results
Year Republican Democratic State winner
2008 60.32% 1,266,546 38.80% 813,479 John McCain
2004 62.46% 1,176,394 36.84% 693,933 George W. Bush
2000 56.47% 944,409 41.59% 695,602 George W. Bush
1996 50.12% 769,044 43.16% 662,165 Bob Dole
1992 47.65% 804,283 40.88% 690,080 George Bush
1988 59.17% 815,576 39.86% 549,506 George Bush
1984 60.54% 872,849 38.28% 551,899 Ronald Reagan
1980 48.75% 654,192 47.45% 636,730 Ronald Reagan
1976 42.61% 504,070 55.73% 659,170 Jimmy Carter
1972 72.43% 728,701 25.54% 256,923 Richard Nixon
1968* 13.99% 146,923 18.72% 196,579 George Wallace (I)
1964 69.45% 479,085 30.55% 210,732 Barry Goldwater
1960 42.16% 237,981 56.39% 318,303 John F. Kennedy
*State won by George Wallace
of the American Independent Party,
at 65.86%, or 691,425 votes

Professional sports teams :
Club City Sport League Venue Notes
Alabama Vipers Huntsville Arena Football Arena Football League Von Braun Center formerly known as the Tennessee Valley Vipers
Birmingham Barons Birmingham Baseball Southern League Regions Park
Huntsville Havoc Huntsville Ice Hockey Southern Professional Hockey League Von Braun Center
Huntsville Stars Huntsville Baseball Southern League Joe W. Davis Stadium
Mobile BayBears Mobile Baseball Southern League Hank Aaron Stadium
Montgomery Biscuits Montgomery Baseball Southern League Montgomery Riverwalk Stadium
Rocket City United Huntsville Soccer National Premier Soccer League Madison City Schools Stadium
Tennessee Valley Tigers Huntsville Football Independent Women's Football League Milton Frank Stadium replaced the Alabama Renegades

State of Alabama

State capital: Montgomery
TopicsHistory * Geography * People * Government * Governors * Lieutenant Governors * Metropolitan Areas * Visitor Attractions * National Historic Landmarks
RegionsAtlantic Coastal Plain * Birmingham District * Black Belt * Central Alabama * Cumberland Plateau * Greater Birmingham * Gulf Coastal Plain * Lower Alabama * Mobile Bay * North Alabama * Northeast Alabama * Northwest Alabama * Piedmont * Ridge and Valley * River Region * South Alabama * Tennessee Valley * Wiregrass Region
MetrosGreater Birmingham * Montgomery Metro Area * Mobile Metro Area * Huntsville Metro Area
Larger citiesAnniston * Auburn * Birmingham * Decatur * Dothan * Florence * Gadsden * Hoover * Huntsville * Madison * Mobile * Montgomery * Tuscaloosa
CountiesAutauga * Baldwin * Barbour * Bibb * Blount * Bullock * Butler * Calhoun * Chambers * Cherokee * Chilton * Choctaw * Clarke * Clay * Cleburne * Coffee * Colbert * Conecuh * Coosa * Covington * Crenshaw * Cullman * Dale * Dallas * DeKalb * Elmore * Escambia * Etowah * Fayette * Franklin * Geneva * Greene * Hale * Henry * Houston * Jackson * Jefferson * Lamar * Lauderdale * Lawrence * Lee * Limestone * Lowndes * Macon * Madison * Marengo * Marion * Marshall * Mobile * Monroe * Montgomery * Morgan * Perry * Pickens * Pike * Randolph * Russell * Shelby * St. Clair * Sumter * Talladega * Tallapoosa * Tuscaloosa * Walker * Washington * Wilcox * Winston

Former Confederate States of America (CSA)

Alabama * Arkansas * Florida * Georgia * Louisiana * Mississippi * North Carolina * South Carolina * Tennessee * Texas * Virginia |

Protected Areas of Alabama

Federal
National Parks
and Historic Sites
Horseshoe Bend National Military Park * Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site * Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site
National MonumentsRussell Cave National Monument
National Forests Conecuh * Talladega * Tuskegee * William B. Bankhead
State
State Parks Bladon Springs * Blue Springs * Buck's Pocket * Cathedral Caverns * Chattahoochee * Cheaha * Chewacla * Chickasaw * DeSoto * Florala * Frank Jackson * Gulf * Joe Wheeler * Lake Guntersville * Lake Lurleen * Lakepoint * Meaher * Monte Sano * Oak Mountain * Paul M. Grist * Rickwood Caverns * Roland Cooper * Wind Creek



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