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Somaliland

Somaliland
General information
Common nameSomaliland
Local nameSomaliland
locally known as
Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
جمهورية صوماللاند
Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmāliland
Republic of Somaliland
NameSomaliland
locally known as
Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
جمهورية صوماللاند
Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmāliland
Republic of Somaliland
Mottoلا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله (Arabic)
Lā ilāhā illā-llāhu; muhammadun rasūlu-llāhi (transliteration)
"There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God"
AnthemSamo ku waar
CapitalHargeisa
Official languagesSomali, Arabic, English
Government
GovernmentConstitutional presidential republic
PresidentAhmed Mahamoud Silanyo
Vice-PresidentAbdirahman Saylici
Speaker of the HouseAbdirahman Mohamed Abdilahi
IndependenceIndependence (from Somalia)
Proclaimed18 May 1991
RecognitionUnrecognized
Geography
Total Area68000 sq mi (176120 km2)
Demography
Population Est.3500000
Density (pop.)19.7/km2 (51/sq mi)
Economy
Other information
CurrencySomaliland shilling1 (SLSH)
Time zoneEAT (UTC+3)
- Summer (DST)not observed (UTC+3)
Date formatsd/m/yy (AD)
Drives on theright
Internet TLDnone
Calling code252

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Somaliland ( , Ṣūmāliland) is an unrecognised self-declared sovereign state that is internationally recognised as an autonomous region of Somalia. The government of Somaliland regards itself as the successor state to the British Somaliland protectorate, which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the State of Somaliland, before uniting with the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) later the same week to form the Somali Republic.

Somaliland is bordered by Ethiopia in the south and west, Djibouti in the northwest, the Gulf of Aden in the north, and the autonomous Puntland region of Somalia to the east.

In 1988, the Siad Barre regime committed massacres against the people of Somaliland, which were among the events that led to the Somali Civil War. The war left the economic and military infrastructure severely damaged. After the collapse of the central government in 1991, the local government, led by the Somali National Movement (SNM), declared independence from the rest of Somalia on May 18 of the same year.

Since then, the territory has been governed by an administration that seeks self-determination as the Republic of Somaliland ( , Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmāliland). The local government maintains informal ties with some foreign governments, who have sent delegations to Hargeisa. Ethiopia also maintains a consulate in the region. However, Somaliland's self-proclaimed independence remains unrecognised by any country or international organisation.


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