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Economy of Singapore

Economy of Singapore
CountrySingapore
CurrencySingapore dollar (SGD)
Year1 April - 31 March
OrgansWTO, APEC, IOR-ARC, ASEAN
Gdp$251.5 billion (2010 est.)
Growth17.9% (first half of 2010 est.)
Per Capita$62,100 (PPP, 2010 est.), $43,117 (nominal, 2010 est.)
Sectorsagriculture: 0%; industry: 26.8%; services: 73.2% (2009 est.)
Inflation2.8% (2010 est.)
PovertyN/A
Gini48.1 (2008)
Labor3.1 million (2010 est.)
Occupationsmanufacturing 18%, construction 6%, transportation and communication 11%, financial, business, and other services 39%, other 26% (2003)
Unemployment2.2% (2010 est.)
Edbr1st
Industrieselectronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore platform construction, life sciences, entrepot trade
Exports$396 billion (2010 est.)
Export-goodsmachinery and equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, mineral fuels
Export-partnersHong Kong 11.6%, Malaysia 11.5%, United States 11.2%, Indonesia 9.7%, China 9.7%, Japan 4.6% (2009 est.)
Imports$351 billion (2010 est.)
Import-goodsmachinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs, consumer goods
Import-partnersUnited States 14.7%, Malaysia 11.6%, China 10.5%, Japan 7.6%, Indonesia 5.8%, South Korea 5.7% (2009 est.)
FDI$264.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Gross External Debt$19.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Debt117.6% of GDP (2009 est.)
RevenueS$21.29 billion (2009 est.)
ExpensesS$24.14 billion (2009 est.)
ReservesUS$233.368 billion (March 2011)
Credit*Standard & Poor's:
AAA (Domestic)
AAA (Foreign)
AAA (T&C Assessment)
Outlook: Stable *Moody's:
Aaa
Outlook: Stable *Fitch:
AAA
Outlook: Stable
Aidnone
Cianamesn

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Singapore has a highly developed state capitalist mixed economy; the state owns stakes in firms that comprise perhaps 60% of the GDP through entities such as the sovereign wealth fund Temasek. It has an open business environment, relatively corruption-free and transparent, stable prices, low tax rates (14.2% of GDP) compared to other developed economies, and one of the highest per-capita gross domestic products (GDP) in the world. Its innovative yet steadfast form of economics that combines economic planning with free-market has given it the nickname the Singapore Model. Exports, particularly in electronics and chemicals, and services provide the main source of revenue for the economy, which allows it to purchase natural resources and raw goods which it does not have.

Most companies in Singapore are registered as private limited-liability companies (commonly known as "private limited companies"). A private limited company in Singapore is a separate legal entity, and shareholders are not liable for the company's debts beyond the amount of share capital they have contributed.

Singapore could thus be said to rely on an extended concept of Entrepôt trade, by purchasing raw goods and refining them for re-export, such as in the wafer fabrication industry and oil refining. Singapore also has a strategic port which makes it more competitive than many of its neighbours in carrying out such entrepot activities. The Port of Singapore is the busiest in the world, surpassing Rotterdam and Hong Kong.Richardson, Michael (25 June 1997). [[infrastructure] and skilled workforce, which is due to the success of the country's education policy in producing skilled workers, is also fundamental in this aspect as they provide easier access to markets for both importing and exporting, and also provide the skill(s) needed to refine imports into exports.

On 14 February 2007, the Singapore government announced that economic growth for the whole year of 2006 was 7.9%, higher than the originally expected 7.7%. Singapore's unemployment rate is around 2.2% as of 20 February 2009. As of 8 August 2010, Singapore is the fastest growing economy in the world, with a growth rate of 17.9% for the first half of 2010.


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