Thomas Aquinas depicted in stained glass
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Birth name | Thomas Aquinas | Birth date | 1225 | Place of birth | Aquino, Kingdom of Sicily | Date of death | 7 March 1274(age 49) | Occupation | priest, philosopher, theologian | Notable works | Summa Theologica | Influenced by | Aristotle, Averroes, Avicenna, Albertus Magnus, Paul the Apostle, Boethius, Eriugena, Anselm, Maimonides, Augustine of Hippo, John of Damascus | Influenced | Giles of Rome, Godfrey of Fontaines, Hooker, Locke, Dante, Leibniz, Martain, Gilson, Anscombe, Donoso Cortés, Eckhart, Chesterton, Joyce, Kenny, Pope Pius XII, Carvalho; See also Thomism, Roman Catholic theology, Mortimer J. Adler, Cornelio Fabro, Fulton J. Sheen, Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange |
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Name | Saint Thomas Aquinas | Titles | Doctor of the Church | Birth date | c. 1229 | Birth place | Aquino, Kingdom of Sicily | Death date | 7 March 1274(age 49) | Death place | Fossanuova Abbey, Kingdom of Sicily | Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church Anglican Communion | Canonized | 1323, Avignon, France by Pope John XXII | Major shrine | Church of the Jacobins, Toulouse, France | Feast | 28 January (new), 7 March (old) | Attributes | The Summa Theologica, a model church, the Sun | Patronage | All Catholic educational institutions |
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Saint Thomas Aquinas, O.P., also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino; (Aquino, 1225 - Fossanova, 7 March 1274) was an Italian priest of the Catholic Church in the Dominican Order, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus (the Angelic Doctor) and Doctor Communis or Doctor Universalis (the Common or Universal Doctor). He is frequently referred to as Thomas because "Aquinas" refers to his residence rather than his surname. He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology, and the father of the Thomistic school of philosophy and theology. His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy was conceived as a reaction against, or as an agreement with his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law and political theory.
Aquinas is held in the Eastern Orthodox Church to be the model teacher for those studying for the priesthood. The works for which he is best-known are the Summa Theologica and the Summa Contra Gentiles. One of the 33 Doctors of the Church, he is considered the Church's greatest theologian and philosopher. Pope Benedict XV declared: "The Church has declared Thomas' doctrine to be her own."
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