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Russo-Japanese War

Russo-Japanese War
Military Conflict
ConflictRusso-Japanese War
Date8 February 1904 � 5 September 1905
LocationManchuria, Yellow Sea
ResultJapanese victory; Treaty of Portsmouth
Russian Empire
Principality of Montenegro
Empire of Japan
Russian Empire Tsar Nicholas II
Russian Empire Aleksey Kuropatkin
Russian Empire Stepan Makarov 
Russian Empire Zinovy Rozhestvensky
Empire of Japan Emperor Meiji
Empire of Japan Ōyama Iwao
Empire of Japan Nogi Maresuke
Empire of Japan Tōgō Heihachirō
500,000  
300,000  
34,000 � 52,623 killed and died of wounds
9,300 � 18,830 died of disease
146,032 wounded
74,369 captured
50,688 deadweight loss
47,400 � 47,152 killed
11,424 � 11,500 died of wounds
21,802 � 27,200 died of disease

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The Russo-Japanese War ( ; Romaji: Nichi-Ro Sensō; Russko-yaponskaya voyna; , 8 February 1904 � 5 September 1905) was "the first great war of the 20th century" which grew out of the rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea. The major theatres of operations were Southern Manchuria, specifically the area around the Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden, the seas around Korea, Japan, and the Yellow Sea.

The Russians sought a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. Vladivostok was only operational during the summer season, but Port Arthur would be operational all year. From the end of the First Sino-Japanese War and 1903, negotiations between Russia and Japan had proved impractical. Japan chose war to maintain dominance in Korea.

The resulting campaigns, in which the Japanese military attained victory over the Russian forces arrayed against them, were unexpected by world observers. As time transpired, these victories would transform the balance of power in East Asia, resulting in a reassessment of Japan's recent entry onto the world stage.


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