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It was conquered many times in the course of its history, by the Abbasids, the Ikhshidids, the Fatamids, the Seljuqs, the Crusaders, the Mameluks, the Turks, the British, and the Israelis. After an outbreak of the Black Death in 1347, which decimated the population, an order of Franciscan monks established a presence in the city. Under Arab and Ottoman rule the city become an important trade center in Palestine. Napoleon's army occupied it in 1799 on its way to Acre. In 1948, tens of thousands of its Arab residents fled or were expelled by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The town was subsequently repopulated by Jewish immigrants. It is now the location of the Giv'on immigration detention center. In recent years, attempts have been made to develop and beautify the city, which has been plagued by neglect, financial problems and a negative public image. New shopping malls and public parks have been built, and a municipal museum opened in 2001. |