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The national anthem of Turkmenistan is called the National Anthem of Independent Neutral Turkmenistan (sometimes also Independent, Neutral, Turkmenistan State Anthem, a literal translation from ). The lyrics were written by the first president of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov (also known as Turkmenbashi, ). Niyazov died on 21 December 2006, and two years after his death the reference to Turkmenbashi in the chorus was replaced with the people. The text of the anthem is given here in its present form, followed by the original text from the Niyazov period.
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