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Mongol invasion of Rus'

Mongol invasion of Rus
The route of the first Mongol expedition in Russia - 1223
Military Conflict
ConflictMongol conquest of Eastern Europe
Date1223, 1236 � 1240
LocationModern Russia, Ukraine and Belarus
ResultDecisive Mongol victory resulting in principalities of Kievan State becoming vassals of the Mongol Golden Horde.
Mongol Empire
Vladimir-Suzdal
Galicia-Volhynia
Novgorod Republic
Principality of Ryazan
Batu Khan
Mongke Khan
Subutai
Jebe
Burundai
Berke
Orda
Guyuk Khan
Mstislav Mstislavich
Yuri II of Vladimir
Mstislav III of Kiev
Dmitro
Daniel of Galicia
20,000 in 1223
In 1236, More than 35,000 Mongols+More than 40,000 Turkic auxiliaries
80,000 in 1223
More than 7,000
500,000 (6-7% of the population of Rus)

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The Mongol invasion of Rus was resumed on 21 December 1237 marking the resumption of the Mongol invasion of Europe, during which the Mongols attacked the medieval powers of Poland, Kiev, Hungary, and miscellaneous tribes of less organized peoples. The European invasion, heralded by the Battle of the Kalka River (1223) was fought between the scout forces of just the two Mongolian generals Subutai and Jebe, whose reconnaissance unit met in battle with the combined force of several Rus' princes.

After fifteen years of peace, the Rus' invasion was followed by Batu Khan's full-scale invasion of Rus' and points east during 1237 to 1240, which only ended with a Mongol succession crisis.

The invasion, facilitated by the breakup of Kievan Rus' in the 12th century, had incalculable ramifications for the history of Eastern Europe, including the division of the East Slavic people into three separate nations (modern day Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus). and the rise of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.


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