Ferdinand (February 26, 1861 � September 10, 1948), born Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, was the ruler of Bulgaria from 1887 to 1918, first as knyaz (prince regnant, 1887 � 1908) and later as tsar (1908 � 1918). He was also an author, botanist, entomologist and philatelist.
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