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Falkland Islands

Falkland Islands
General information
Common nameFalkland Islands
NameFalkland Islands
Motto"Desire the right"
Anthem"God Save the Queen"
CapitalStanley
Largest cityStanley
Official languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups61.3% Falkland Islander 
29.0% British
2.6% Spaniard
0.6% Japanese
6.5% Chilean & Other
DemonymFalkland Islander
Government
GovernmentBritish Overseas Territory (constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democratic dependency)
MonarchQueen Elizabeth II
GovernorNigel Haywood
Chief ExecutiveTim Thorogood
EstablishmentEstablishment
British rule re-established5 January 1833
Argentine invasion2 April 1982
Liberation14 June 1982
Constitution18 April 1985
Current Constitution1 January 2009
Geography
Total Area4700 sq mi (12173 km2) (162nd)
Water %0
Demography
Population Est.3140 (220th)
Density (pop.)0.3/km2 (240th) (0.65/sq mi)
Economy
GDP PPP$75 million (2005) (223rd)
GDP (PPP) per capita$25,000 (2002 estimate) (not ranked)
Other information
HDIn/a
CurrencyFalkland Islands pound  (FKP)
Drives on theleft
Internet TLD.fk
Calling code500

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The Falkland Islands ( ; ) are an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located approximately 250 nmi (463000 m) from the coast of mainland South America. The archipelago, consisting of East Falkland, West Falkland and 776 lesser islands, is a self-governing British Overseas Territory. The capital, Stanley, is on East Falkland.

Ever since the re-establishment of British rule in 1833, Argentina has claimed sovereignty. In pursuit of this claim, which is rejected by the islanders, Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands in 1982. This precipitated the two-month-long undeclared Falklands War between Argentina and the United Kingdom and resulted in the defeat and withdrawal of the Argentine forces.

Since the war, there has been strong economic growth in both fisheries and tourism.


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