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Estonia

Estonia
General information
Common nameEstonia
Local name 
Name 
AnthemMu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm
(English:  )
CapitalTallinn
Largest cityTallinn
Official languagesEstonian1
Regional languagesVõro, Setu
Ethnic groups68.8% Estonians,
25.5% Russians,
2.1% Ukrainians,
1.2% Belarusians,
2.4 % others and unspecified (2010)
DemonymEstonian
Government
GovernmentParliamentary republic
PresidentToomas Hendrik Ilves (nonpartisan, until 01 January 2007 � SDE)
Prime MinisterAndrus Ansip (RE)
Parliament speakerEne Ergma (IRL)
Current coalition(RE, IRL)
Independence fromIndependence from (Russia)
Autonomy declared12 April 1917
Independence declared
Officially recognised
24 February 1918

2 February 1920
1st Soviet occupation1940 � 1941
German occupation1941 � 1944
2nd Soviet occupation1944 � 1991
Independence restored20 August 1991
EU accession1 May 2004
Geography
Total Area17413 sq mi (45099.7 km2) (132nd2)
Water %4.45%
Demography
Population Est.1340194 (151st)
Population census1370052 (2000)
Density (pop.)29/km2 (181st) (75/sq mi)
Economy
GDP PPP$25.784 billion (2011)
GDP (PPP) per capita$19,375
GDP (nominal)$20.325 billion (2011)
GDP (nominal) per capita$15,272
Other information
Gini34 (2005) (medium)
HDI(+)0.812 (2010) (very high) (34th)
CurrencyEuro3 (EUR)
Time zoneEET (UTC+2)
- Summer (DST)EEST (UTC+3)
Drives on theright
Internet TLD.ee4
Calling code372

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Estonia c-enaudio=en-us-Estonia.oggɨsˈtoʊniə ( ), officially the Republic of Estonia ( ), is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by the Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia covers 45227 km2 (17462.2 sqmi), and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. The Estonians are a Finnic people, and the official language, Estonian, is closely related to Finnish.

Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic and is divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. With a population of 1.34 million, Estonia is one of the least-populous members of the European Union, Eurozone and NATO. Today, Estonia has the highest GDP per person among former Soviet republics. Estonia is listed as a "High-Income Economy" by the World Bank, as an "advanced economy" by the International Monetary Fund and the country is an OECD member. The United Nations lists Estonia as a developed country with a Human Development Index of "Very High". The country is also ranked highly for press freedom, economic freedom, democracy and political freedom and education.


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