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Edinburgh

Edinburgh
Administration
Full nameCity of Edinburgh
Official nameCity of Edinburgh
Native nameScottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann
Other nameBroad Scots: Embra
Settlement typeUnitary Authority & City
Motto"Nisi Dominus Frustra" "Except the Lord in vain" associated with Edinburgh since 1647, it is a normal heraldic contraction of a verse from the 127th Psalm, "Except the Lord build the house, they labour in vain that build it. Except the Lord keep the city, the watchman waketh but in vain"
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryScotland
Council areaCity of Edinburgh
Lieutenancy areaEdinburgh
Admin HQEdinburgh City Centre
Foundedprior to the 7th century
Burgh Charter1125
City status1889
Government
TypeUnitary Authority, City
Governing bodyThe City of Edinburgh Council
Lord ProvostGeorge Grubb
MSPs6
title=6
Kenny MacAskill (SNP)
Marco Biagi (SNP)
Malcolm Chisholm (L)
Gordon MacDonald (SNP)
Jim Eadie (SNP)
Colin Keir (SNP)

MPs:5
title=5
Alistair Darling (L)
Gavin Strang (L)
Nigel Griffiths (L)
Mark Lazarowicz (L)
John Barrett (LD)
Geography
Total Area100.00 sq mi (259 km2)
Demography
Total Population486120 (2010)
Other information
Time zoneGreenwich Mean Time (UTC+0)
- Summer (DST)British Summer Time (UTC+1)
PostcodeEH
Area code0131
ISO 3166-2GB-EDH
ONS code00QP
OS grid reference 
NUTS 3UKM25

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Edinburgh (c-enaudio=edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30 sqmi (77.7 km2) rural area. Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea.

Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Parliament. The city was one of the major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, helping to earn it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 in recognition of the unique character of the Medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town. It covers both the Old and New Towns together with the Dean Village and the Calton Hill areas. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In May 2010, it had a total of 40 conservation areas covering 23% of the building stock and 23% of the population, the highest such ratios of any major city in the UK. In the 2010 mid-year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 486,120.

The city is well known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, a collection of official and independent festivals held annually over about four weeks from early August. The number of visitors attracted to Edinburgh for the Festival is roughly equal to the settled population of the city. The most famous of these events are the Edinburgh Fringe (the largest performing arts festival in the world), the Edinburgh International Festival, the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, and the Edinburgh International Book Festival. Other events include the Hogmanay street party, Burns Night and the Beltane Fire Festival. Edinburgh attracts 1 million overseas visitors a year, making it the most visited tourist destination in the United Kingdom, after London.


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